(1776) Mission San Francisco de Asís (Mission Dolores)ġ1. (1772) Mission San Luis Obispo de TolosaĦ. (1770) Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmeloĥ. The 21 California missions, listed in the order they were founded, are:Ģ. Spain used mission work to influence the natives with cultural and religious instruction.Īnother motivation for the missions was to ensure that rival countries, such as Russia and Great Britain, didn’t try to occupy the California region first. The main goal of the California missions was to convert Native Americans into devoted Christians and Spanish citizens. Junipero Serra went on to establish eight more missions before his death in 1784. The missionaries rebuilt the mission as an army fort. In 1775, hundreds of local Tipai-Ipai Indians attacked and burned the San Diego Mission, killing three men, including Father Luis Jayme. The native Indians who occupied the region were initially resistant to the mission. This was known as Mission San Diego de Alcalá and was located in present-day San Diego. He also sent military troops and Franciscan missionaries to the new land.įranciscan priest Father Junipero Serra founded the first mission in 1769.
In 1769, the Spanish king ordered land and sea expeditions to depart from Mexico to California. Although Spain claimed California as its territory in 1542, Spaniards didn’t try to occupy the land until the late 1700s.Īround the time of the first missions, Spain had a considerable presence in Mexico.
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